ABSTRACT
Objective: To describe a technique of endoscopic transoral approach nasopharyngectomy for petroclival and jugular foramen nasopharyngeal carcinoma, based on anatomic studies and surgeries. Methods: Three dry human skulls and five fresh human cadaver heads were used for anatomic study of a endoscopic transoral approach to expose petroclival and jugular foramen. The anatomical landmarks and the extent of exposure were recorded. Six clinical cases who were treated in Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University from June 2020 to April 2022 were used to illustrate the technique and feasibility of this approach and to assess its indications and advantages, including 3 males and 3 females, aged 42 to 69 years old. Descriptive analysis was used in this research. Results: On the basis of the preservation of the internal pterygoid muscle and the external pterygoid muscle, this approach could fully expose the parapharyngeal, petrosal and paraclival segment internal carotid arteries, and safely deal with the lesions of jugular foramen and petroclival region. The 6 patients in our study tolerated the procedure well. Postoperative enhanced MRI showed complete resection of the tumor and no postoperative masticatory dysfunction. Conclusion: Endoscopic transoral approach is a safe, minimally invasive and effective surgical treatment for petroclival and jugular foramen recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma.
Subject(s)
Male , Female , Humans , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma , Jugular Foramina , Neoplasm Recurrence, Local , Endoscopy/methods , Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms/surgeryABSTRACT
Objective: Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterized by the loss of dopaminergic neurons in substantia nigra (SN). Our previous study demonstrated kukoamine A (KuA) to exhibit strong neuroprotective effects through antioxidative stress, and autophagy in MPTP/MPP
ABSTRACT
Objective: To investigate the flavonoid glycoside compounds from the roots of Arctium lappa and their structure-activity relationship (SAR) of anti-oxidantion. Methods: The compounds were isolated by column chromatography over silica gel, RP-C18, Sephadex LH-20, and PHPLC. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic analysis and their anti-oxidant activities were evaluated by DPPH, ABTS, and FRAP assays. Results: Eight flavonoid glycoside compounds were isolated from 55% ethanol extract in the roots of A. lappa, which were identified as nairutin (1), hesperidin (2), icariin (3), ononin (4), isoononin (5), neoliquiritin (6), neoisoliquiritin (7), and liquiritin (8). The anti-oxidant activities of these compounds were tested by three different methods (DPPH, ABTS, and FPAR), and their SAR were further analyzed. Conclusion: Compound 3 is isolated from the roots of A. lappa for the first time, all others were from the plants of Arctium L. for the first time; Compounds 1 and 8 have shown the strongest anti-oxidant activity; The -OH on C-3' and -OCH3 on C-4' in the B ring in regard to the anti-oxidant activity of these compounds by participating in electron delocalization and hydrogen bonding.